Legislation & rulemaking
How much law and regulation is the system digesting at once?
Right now the pipeline holds 117 health bills in the 119th Congress, 1,271 state health bills across 51 states (447 already passed), and 1,058 CMS/HHS Federal Register documents published since January 2026, plus 35,877 certificate-of-need filings that decide, state by state, who may even build or buy healthcare capacity. Every layer moves on its own clock, and providers must track all of them at once.
The problem
Health policy is moving through a multi-layered regulatory landscape that no hospital, payer, or advocacy team can track manually. Bills, rules, state legislation, and certificate-of-need filings operate on different clocks, and attention often goes to the loudest political signal rather than the binding rule or live comment window.
The recommendation
Stand up a policy-intelligence operating model that ranks work by binding effect and deadline. The recommended approach is to prioritize Federal Register rules by reach, track state legislative movement where it affects operations, calendar comment windows, and treat congressional bill volume as an agenda signal rather than an action queue.
The problem
Medicaid policy moves through statehouses and CMS dockets even when Congress is gridlocked. For hospitals, plans, and advocates, the practical risk is missing the state bills and rulemaking windows that change eligibility, managed-care obligations, rates, and compliance requirements before federal legislation ever moves.
The recommendation
Run Medicaid strategy through state and administrative channels first. The recommended approach is to focus on the states with active Medicaid legislation, monitor CMS managed-care and eligibility rules, and treat open comment periods as the highest-leverage intervention points.
How far federal health bills actually get
119th Congress health bills by the furthest legislative stage each reached. Committee is where most bills end.
Read it this way Every one of the 117 health bills was introduced, but only 2 became law. The rest stall in committee. Read federal bill counts as an agenda signal, not as pending law. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| Stage reached | Bills |
|---|---|
| Introduced | 117 |
| Referred to committee | 104 |
| Enacted into law | 2 |
Congress.gov API, 119th Congress health-keyword bills · 2026-06-18 · source
How far state health bills actually get
State health bills by furthest stage reached (LegiScan status at last action). 122 failed or were vetoed.
Read it this way Of 1,271 state health bills introduced, 447 passed into law and 122 failed or were vetoed. A state bill that clears a chamber usually goes the distance, unlike its federal counterpart. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| Stage reached | Bills |
|---|---|
| Introduced | 1271 |
| Passed a chamber | 598 |
| Enacted into law | 447 |
LegiScan, state health bills (51 states) · 2026-06-27 · source
Federal rulemaking never idles
CMS + HHS documents published in the Federal Register per month, 2026. Most are notices. The rules and proposed rules are the ones that change payment and coverage.
Read it this way The flat, high baseline is the point: rulemaking never pauses for the legislative calendar. Pick Medicare or Medicaid in the payer filter to isolate the documents that mention that program. The shape barely changes, which tells you program-specific rules ride a constant conveyor. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| Month | Documents |
|---|---|
| 2026-01 | 104 |
| 2026-02 | 207 |
| 2026-03 | 191 |
| 2026-04 | 223 |
| 2026-05 | 194 |
| 2026-06 | 139 |
Federal Register API, CMS + HHS documents · 2026-06-18 · source
§ methodology
- Source
- Federal Register API, documents filed by CMS and HHS
- Vintage
- 2026
- Denominator
- All Federal Register documents (rules, proposed rules, notices) whose filing agency is CMS or HHS, January 2026 onward.
- Known caveats
-
- Counts documents, not regulatory weight. One omnibus rule can matter more than fifty notices.
- Agency attribution follows the Federal Register agency slug, and joint documents count once.
- Filters
- TimeFilter
- Citation
- Office of the Federal Register, federalregister.gov API, CMS/HHS documents, 2026. Accessed via HealthPulse ingest.
- Updated
- 2026-06-18
What the Federal Register flow is made of
Documents by type. Notices dominate. The ~10% that are rules or proposed rules carry the binding changes.
Read it this way Divide before you panic: 947 of 1,058 documents are notices with no binding force. The rules plus proposed rules, about one in ten, are the set worth reading, and the impact ranking below sorts those by reach. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| Document type | Count |
|---|---|
| Notice | 947 |
| Rule | 67 |
| Proposed Rule | 44 |
Federal Register API, CMS + HHS documents · 2026-06-18 · source
The rules touching the most hospitals
Federal Register documents ranked by the number of hospitals their provisions apply to, per the HealthPulse policy-impact screen. National data-reporting requirements reach the entire universe of ~5,400 facilities at once.
Read it this way Reach concentrates at the top: a handful of program-wide requirements touch all ~5,400 hospitals at once while most documents touch narrow slices. Prioritize by the hospital count on the bar, not by how alarming the title sounds. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
Caveat Applicability is a screening estimate from document text (hospital types + programs named), not a legal determination.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| Document | Hospitals affected | Exposure weight | Published |
|---|---|---|---|
| Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission to OMB for Review and Approval; Public Comment Request; Health Work | 5426 | 37.35 | 2026-03-16 |
| Mandatory Guidelines for Federal Workplace Drug Testing Programs-Authorized Testing Panels | 5426 | 130.71 | 2026-03-13 |
| Watson Laboratories, Inc., et al.; Withdrawal of Approval of 15 Abbreviated New Drug Applications | 5426 | 37.35 | 2026-03-12 |
| Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request | 5262 | 59.54 | 2026-03-18 |
| Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request | 5262 | 59.54 | 2026-03-18 |
| Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request | 5262 | 59.54 | 2026-03-17 |
| Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request | 5262 | 59.54 | 2026-03-17 |
| Medicare and Medicaid Programs; CY 2026 Payment Policies Under the Physician Fee Schedule and Other Changes to Part B Pa | 5262 | 238.16 | 2026-03-12 |
| Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request | 5262 | 59.54 | 2026-03-11 |
| Effective Date of Requirement for Premarket Approval Applications for Blood Irradiators Intended To Prevent Metastasis | 5262 | 66.98 | 2026-03-18 |
Federal Register API, CMS + HHS documents · 2026-06-18 · source
State health bills in play, by state
Health-tagged bills per state legislature in the current sessions. Bluer is more, and big legislatures (CA, NY, TX) file more of everything.
Read it this way Big legislatures file more of everything, so compare neighbors, not CA against WY. Pick Medicare or Medicaid in the payer filter to re-slice the map to those bills only, and pick a state to spotlight its cell. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| State | Health bills |
|---|---|
| PA | 55 |
| NY | 52 |
| OH | 52 |
| CA | 51 |
| FL | 50 |
| GA | 50 |
| IL | 50 |
| TX | 50 |
| NC | 21 |
| AK | 20 |
| AL | 20 |
| AR | 20 |
| AZ | 20 |
| CO | 20 |
| CT | 20 |
| DC | 20 |
| DE | 20 |
| HI | 20 |
| IA | 20 |
| ID | 20 |
| IN | 20 |
| KS | 20 |
| KY | 20 |
| LA | 20 |
| MA | 20 |
| MD | 20 |
| ME | 20 |
| MI | 20 |
| MN | 20 |
| MO | 20 |
| MS | 20 |
| MT | 20 |
| ND | 20 |
| NE | 20 |
| NH | 20 |
| NJ | 20 |
| NM | 20 |
| NV | 20 |
| OK | 20 |
| OR | 20 |
| RI | 20 |
| SC | 20 |
| SD | 20 |
| TN | 20 |
| UT | 20 |
| VA | 20 |
| VT | 20 |
| WA | 20 |
| WI | 20 |
| WV | 20 |
| WY | 20 |
LegiScan, state health bills (51 states) · 2026-06-27 · source
§ methodology
- Source
- LegiScan national API, bills matching health-policy tags
- Vintage
- 2025-2026
- Denominator
- Bills in current state legislative sessions tagged to a health-policy topic, all 50 states + DC.
- Known caveats
-
- Tagging is keyword-driven, so narrowly-scoped bills (single-facility resolutions) count the same as omnibus reform.
- Session calendars differ by state, so cross-state counts compare different time windows.
- Filters
- GeographyFilterTimeFilter
- Citation
- LegiScan LLC, LegiScan API national dataset, 2025-2026 sessions. Accessed via HealthPulse ingest, 2026.
- Updated
- 2026-06-27
Medicaid & Medicare bills in play, by state
Health-tagged bills per state legislature in the current sessions. Bluer is more, and big legislatures (CA, NY, TX) file more of everything.
Read it this way Big legislatures file more of everything, so compare neighbors, not CA against WY. Pick Medicare or Medicaid in the payer filter to re-slice the map to those bills only, and pick a state to spotlight its cell. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| State | Medicaid/Medicare bills |
|---|---|
| TX | 18 |
| FL | 15 |
| GA | 11 |
| KY | 11 |
| IL | 9 |
| MA | 9 |
| MT | 8 |
| NE | 8 |
| AR | 7 |
| IN | 7 |
| ME | 7 |
| NH | 7 |
| WV | 7 |
| CA | 6 |
| CT | 6 |
| DE | 6 |
| MI | 6 |
| NJ | 6 |
| WA | 6 |
| WY | 6 |
| NM | 5 |
| OK | 5 |
| OR | 5 |
| RI | 5 |
| AL | 4 |
| CO | 4 |
| ID | 4 |
| MS | 4 |
| NC | 4 |
| PA | 4 |
| AK | 3 |
| AZ | 3 |
| HI | 3 |
| LA | 3 |
| MD | 3 |
| MN | 3 |
| SC | 3 |
| SD | 3 |
| IA | 2 |
| NV | 2 |
| OH | 2 |
| VT | 2 |
| WI | 2 |
| MO | 1 |
| ND | 1 |
| NY | 1 |
| TN | 1 |
| UT | 1 |
LegiScan, state health bills (51 states) · 2026-06-27 · source
§ methodology
- Source
- LegiScan national API, bills matching health-policy tags
- Vintage
- 2025-2026
- Denominator
- Bills in current state legislative sessions tagged to a health-policy topic, all 50 states + DC.
- Known caveats
-
- Tagging is keyword-driven, so narrowly-scoped bills (single-facility resolutions) count the same as omnibus reform.
- Session calendars differ by state, so cross-state counts compare different time windows.
- Filters
- GeographyFilterTimeFilter
- Citation
- LegiScan LLC, LegiScan API national dataset, 2025-2026 sessions. Accessed via HealthPulse ingest, 2026.
- Updated
- 2026-06-27
What state bills are about
Top health-policy topics across all state bills. Mental health leads by a wide margin.
Read it this way Mental health leads by a wide margin across 51 legislatures, a genuine national wave rather than one big state's agenda. Medicaid/Medicare is second: states are not waiting for Washington on either. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| Topic | Bills |
|---|---|
| Mental health | 353 |
| Medicaid medicare | 249 |
| Nursing | 173 |
| Hospital finance | 172 |
| Insurance access | 103 |
| Public health | 61 |
| Prescription drugs | 60 |
| General | 59 |
| Telehealth | 41 |
LegiScan, state health bills (51 states) · 2026-06-27 · source
What Congress's health bills mention
Keyword matches across the 117 health bills (a bill can match several keywords). Medicare and Medicaid dominate, as they fund most of the system.
Read it this way Medicare and Medicaid top the keyword counts because that is where federal money is. A bill can match several keywords. Pair this with the status reality in the bill list: nearly nine in ten of these bills sit in committee. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| Keyword | Bills |
|---|---|
| medicare | 30 |
| medicaid | 18 |
| health | 12 |
| patient | 12 |
| hospital | 10 |
| cancer | 10 |
| drug | 9 |
| health care | 9 |
| public health | 9 |
| mental health | 8 |
| diabetes | 5 |
| medical | 5 |
Congress.gov API, 119th Congress health-keyword bills · 2026-06-18 · source
Certificate-of-need filings per year
CON applications in the ingested states. In these states a hospital cannot add beds, buy an MRI, or change owners without one. Each filing is mandatory paperwork before capacity can move.
Read it this way The volume is steady and boring, and that is the finding: CON is routine, mandatory throughput, not a policy cycle. Pick one of the 12 ingested states to see its own filing rhythm. NY dominates the combined total. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
Caveat Covers the 12 states with ingested portals (NY alone is 88% of filings). Roughly 35 states run CON programs, so this undercounts the national total.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| Year filed | Filings |
|---|---|
| 2015 | 744 |
| 2016 | 1093 |
| 2017 | 911 |
| 2018 | 913 |
| 2019 | 892 |
| 2020 | 805 |
| 2021 | 683 |
| 2022 | 960 |
| 2023 | 877 |
| 2024 | 809 |
| 2025 | 772 |
| 2026 | 462 |
State certificate-of-need (CON) portals · 2026-06-27 · source
What CON filings ask permission for
Filings by project type across the ingested states. New construction dominates, with ownership changes and expansion next.
Read it this way New construction leads with 10,674 filings, nearly three times the 3,461 ownership changes: CON programs are primarily gatekeeping capacity expansion, not consolidation. Pick a state to see its own mix. States differ sharply in what they make providers ask permission for. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| Project type | Filings |
|---|---|
| New construction | 10674 |
| Change of ownership | 3461 |
| Expansion | 3309 |
| Equipment | 1181 |
| Relocation | 1145 |
| Closure | 796 |
| Service | 154 |
| Change of scope | 52 |
| Nursing facility | 25 |
State certificate-of-need (CON) portals · 2026-06-27 · source
Comment periods closing next
Open CMS/HHS comment periods, soonest deadline first. Public comment is the one formal lever anyone outside the agencies has on a rule before it binds.
Read it this way Each row is a live, dated lever: public comment is the one formal input anyone outside the agencies has before a rule binds. Pick a payer to keep only windows whose titles name that program. After the close date the next lever is litigation. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| Closes | Document | Agency |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-07-10 | Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request | centers-for-medicare-medicaid-services |
| 2026-07-10 | Agency Information Collection Request; 60-Day Public Comment Request | health-and-human-services-department |
| 2026-07-10 | Fiscal Year 2026 Generic Drug Science and Research Initiatives Workshop; Public Workshop; Request for Comments | health-and-human-services-department |
| 2026-07-13 | Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review; Annual Report on Households Assisted by the Low Income Home Energ | health-and-human-services-department |
| 2026-07-13 | Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission to OMB for Review and Approval; Public Comment Request; Delta State | health-and-human-services-department |
| 2026-07-13 | Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review; Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Pilot Evaluation | health-and-human-services-department |
| 2026-07-13 | Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review; Comment Request; Proced | health-and-human-services-department |
| 2026-07-13 | Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review; Comment Request; Establ | health-and-human-services-department |
| 2026-07-13 | Drug Repurposing for Unmet Medical Needs; Request for Information; Extension of Comment Period | health-and-human-services-department |
| 2026-07-13 | Recommendations on Scale-Up and Postapproval Changes Guidances for Industry; Request for Comments; Reopening of the Comm | health-and-human-services-department |
Federal Register API, CMS + HHS documents · 2026-06-18 · source
The newest federal health bills
Most recently introduced health bills in the 119th Congress. Almost all sit in committee: that is where most bills end.
Read it this way Almost everything here is headed for committee, where most bills end. Read sponsors and topics as a signal of next session's agenda, not as pending law. Filter by state to see your delegation's bills, or by payer to keep Medicare/Medicaid bills only. Use this chart to identify which policy layer is active and whether it creates binding operational risk, then connect that evidence to the recommendation to prioritize rules, deadlines, and state action.
⊞ data table⬇ CSV
| Introduced | Bill | Sponsor |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-05-21 | Rural Hospital Revitalization Act of 2026 | Rep. Tokuda, Jill N. [D-HI-2] (D-HI) |
| 2026-03-19 | Rural Hospital Revitalization Act of 2026 | Sen. Bennet, Michael F. [D-CO] (D-CO) |
| National Diabetes Project Act | – | |
| Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2027 | – | |
| Healthy Start Reauthorization Act of 2026 | – | |
| NIH IMPROVE Act | – | |
| Mental Health Access and Provider Support Act of 2026 | – | |
| Access to Prescription Digital Therapeutics Act of 2025 | – | |
| Expanding Seniors Access to Mental Health Services Act | – | |
| WWII Nurses Congressional Gold Medal Act | – |
Congress.gov API, 119th Congress health-keyword bills · 2026-06-18 · source
Why this matters
Rulemaking is the channel where payment and coverage actually change, and it never pauses for the legislative calendar. Bill counts are sentiment data. Committee is where most bills end. Attention allocated by headline volume therefore lands on the wrong layer, and comment windows, the one cheap formal lever, expire unused.
Recommended actions
- Prioritize the Federal Register documents ranked by hospitals affected. A handful of program-wide requirements carry most of the binding reach.
- Put every relevant open comment deadline on a calendar. After it closes the next lever is litigation.
- Assign one owner per layer (federal rules, own-state legislature, CON, Congress) instead of one team reading everything.
- Treat congressional bill counts as a leading indicator of next session's agenda, never as pending law.
The recommendation
Therefore, stand up a policy-intelligence operating model that ranks work by binding effect and deadline. The recommended approach is to prioritize Federal Register rules by reach, track state legislative movement where it affects operations, calendar comment windows, and treat congressional bill volume as an agenda signal rather than an action queue.
Why this matters
Federal gridlock pushes Medicaid action outward to statehouses and executive rulemaking. The two tracks compound: a CMS managed-care rule changes what every state must do, while state bills decide how each state does it. Influence therefore concentrates in a few active statehouses and in comment windows on CMS dockets, both of which are datable, mappable surfaces.
Recommended actions
- Work the 3-5 states lighting up on the re-sliced bill map. That is where eligibility and rate decisions are actually in play this session.
- Calendar every open CMS comment window that names Medicaid, managed care, or eligibility. States, plans, and advocates all file there for a reason.
- Monitor CMS managed-care and eligibility rules in the monthly flow. They are the binding channel.
- Use federal bill sponsors and keywords as an agenda signal for next session, not as a lobbying target list.
The recommendation
Therefore, run Medicaid strategy through state and administrative channels first. The recommended approach is to focus on the states with active Medicaid legislation, monitor CMS managed-care and eligibility rules, and treat open comment periods as the highest-leverage intervention points.
Demographic slice none at the bill level. Federal bills are keyword-matched to health topics, and state bills come from LegiScan's health tagging. CON filings cover the 12 states whose portals are ingested so far, not all ~35 CON states.
Sources
- Congress.gov API, 119th Congress health-keyword bills · 2026-06-18
- LegiScan, state health bills (51 states) · 2026-06-27
- Federal Register API, CMS + HHS documents · 2026-06-18
- State certificate-of-need (CON) portals · 2026-06-27